Mudan

Mǔdān (牡丹) is a mountainous Indigenous township on the Hengchun Peninsula in southern Pingtung, homeland of the Paiwan people. The township is most closely associated with the Mudan Incident (牡丹社事件): in 1871, shipwrecked Ryukyuan sailors were killed by local Paiwan due to miscommunication, prompting a Japanese punitive expedition in 1874. The Gaoshi Shinto Shrine (高士神社), originally established in 1939 and restored in 2015, now hosts Paiwan ceremonies honoring those who died during the incident and in World War 2.