Nuannuan

Nuǎnnuǎn (暖暖) is the southernmost district of Keelung, originally the territory of the Basay (巴賽族), whose settlement Perranouan appears on Dutch colonial era maps. Before the arrival of railways, Nuannuan was the terminal point of cargo shipping on the Keelung River, where goods from the mountain interior were transferred for onward transport. During the Sino-French War of 1884, the district served as the final defensive line in the Battle of Keelung, where local militia and Qing reinforcements repelled the French advance across the river. The district is also the site of Taiwan’s first modern waterworks, established during the Japanese colonial era to supply Keelung’s growing port, and several components of the original infrastructure survive along the Nuannuan River. At Badu Railway Station (八堵車站), the railway junction where the trunk line meets the Yilan Line, a monument commemorates 17 railway employees executed during the 228 Incident of 1947.